Ventilation, a key point to prevent and eliminate dampness

We can all agree that a stain on the wall is not a good sign. Dampness is more common than we think, but until it reaches a certain size, it goes unnoticed. Undoubtedly, dampness can be very harmful both to us and to the building. It all depends on the extent and type of moisture affecting the surfaces. The main factor that affects the building is load loss. Serious dampness can cause walls to lose up to 50% of their load-bearing capacity, becoming a significant threat to the occupants. In extreme cases, especially in abandoned buildings, dampness can cause structural collapse.

How does dampness occur?

Strong insulation of the space, poor ventilation, and daily activities such as cooking or showering result in a high level of humidity. If we also add the existing moisture in the environment or if we live in places with a humid climate, the level of humidity in the air increases, forming the perfect combination for fungi and microorganisms to grow. According to the WHO, the presence of biological agents indoors is conditioned by inadequate ventilation and darkness. In their “Indoor Air Quality Guideline: Dampness and Mould,” it indicates how to address this issue.

What types of dampness are there?

There are three types of dampness that can occur either separately or in combination. The most common, condensation dampness, is found in spaces with significant water presence, such as the bathroom. However, bedrooms and kitchens can also exhibit this dampness. Typically, they appear as mold in the corners, resembling small stains. Also, they can form on windows and mirrors as condensation. In this type, the causes are the thermal contrast between the interior and exterior or a highly airtight home that prevents adequate ventilation.

Capillary dampness can be found on ground floors. This occurs when water from the subsoil rises through the pores of the walls or masonry affecting construction materials. The most common symptoms are peeling paint at the bottom of the walls. Finally, filtration dampness usually appears in garages or basements. In this case, it is an external phenomenon since water seeps into the home through gaps and cracks, resulting in stains. This type is the easiest to detect. According to the WHO, levels above 65% of permanent humidity are harmful, but not due to water vapor but due to bacteria and particles that can be created. The most common diseases according to the organization are:

• Respiratory tract infections

• Asthma

• Allergies

• Allergic reactions

• Rheumatic and bone ailments

• Migraines

What can I do?

Mold can be removed with household cleaning products, but this solution is not permanent, and the dampness will reappear. To prevent dampness from arising, it is necessary to have a ventilation system that helps prevent the reproduction of such bacteria.

Additionally, the waterproofing of the structure should be examined to check which areas are most likely to develop dampness. If the dampness is combined and severe, it is advisable to contact a specialized service for a thorough analysis of the case.

To the extent possible, we can reduce the chances of these cases by focusing on cleaning. It is recommended to use disinfectant and fungicidal products to treat dampness on interior walls. Download ebook Control the humidity level inside your home and protect the health of your loved ones